Federal Reserve Economic Data

View data of a measure of the U.S. money supply that includes all components of M1 plus several less-liquid assets.

View data of a measure of the U.S. money supply that includes all components of M1 plus several less-liquid assets.

View a measure of the most-liquid assets in the U.S. money supply: cash, checking accounts, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits.

View a measure of the most-liquid assets in the U.S. money supply: cash, checking accounts, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits.

Calculated as the ratio of quarterly nominal GDP (GDP (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP)) to the quarterly average of M1 money stock (M1SL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M1SL)) The velocity of money is the frequency at which one unit of currency is used to purchase domestically- produced goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it is the number of times one dollar is spent to buy goods and services per unit of time. If the velocity of money is increasing, then more transactions are occurring between individuals in an economy. The frequency of currency exchange can be used to determine the velocity of a given component of the money supply, providing some insight into whether consumers and businesses are saving or spending their money. There are several components of the money supply,: M1, M2, and MZM (M3 is no longer tracked by the Federal Reserve); these components are arranged on a spectrum of narrowest to broadest. Consider M1, the narrowest component. M1 is the money supply of currency in circulation (notes and coins, demand deposits, and other liquid deposits). A decreasing velocity of M1 might indicate fewer short- term consumption transactions are taking place. We can think of shorter- term transactions as consumption we might make on an everyday basis. Beginning May 2020, M1 consists of (1) currency outside the U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, and the vaults of depository institutions; (2) demand deposits at commercial banks (excluding those amounts held by depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign banks and official institutions) less cash items in the process of collection and Federal Reserve float; and (3) other liquid deposits, consisting of OCDs and savings deposits (including money market deposit accounts). Seasonally adjusted M1 is constructed by summing currency, demand deposits, and OCDs (before May 2020) or other liquid deposits (beginning May 2020), each seasonally adjusted separately. For more information on the H.6 release changes and the regulatory amendment that led to the creation of the other liquid deposits component and its inclusion in the M1 monetary aggregate, see the H.6 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h6.html) and Technical Q&As (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/h6_technical_qa.htm) posted on December 17, 2020. The broader M2 component includes M1 in addition to saving deposits, certificates of deposit (less than $100,000), and money market deposits for individuals. Comparing the velocities of M1 and M2 provides some insight into how quickly the economy is spending and how quickly it is saving. MZM (money with zero maturity) is the broadest component and consists of the supply of financial assets redeemable at par on demand: notes and coins in circulation, traveler’s checks (non-bank issuers), demand deposits, other checkable deposits, savings deposits, and all money market funds. The velocity of MZM helps determine how often financial assets are switching hands within the economy.

View data of a measure of the U.S. money supply that includes all components of M1 plus several less-liquid assets.

View data of a measure of the U.S. money supply that includes all components of M1 plus several less-liquid assets.

This series deflates M1 money stock (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M1SL) with CPI (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCSL).

View a measure of the most-liquid assets in the U.S. money supply: cash, checking accounts, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits.

data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h6/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).</p>

Updates of this series will be ceased on December 19, 2019. There is no direct replacement to this seasonally adjusted series. Interested users can construct a proxy of the series as the ratio of M1 from the H.6 release and the monetary base from the H.3 release. The discontinued series plotted on the same graph with the calculated data can be accessed for comparison here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=wroO). For more details, see the FRED Announcement (https://news.research.stlouisfed.org/2019/12/discontinuance-of-st-louis-monetary-base-and-reserves-data/).

View a measure of the most-liquid assets in the U.S. money supply: cash, checking accounts, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: EUR OECD country ID: EA19 All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: USD OECD country ID: USA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h6/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).</p>

data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h6/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).</p>

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: CAD OECD country ID: CAN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: JPY OECD country ID: JPN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: GBP OECD country ID: GBR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h6.html) provided by the source. This series is calculated as the sum of savings deposits; small-denomination time deposits; and retail money funds. Note, that there is a break in the data as weekly data for savings deposits and small-denomination at thrift institutions were not available before November 3 1980. For questions on the data, please contact the data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h6/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).</p>

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: USD OECD country ID: USA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises currency in circulation and overnight deposits. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: CNY OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: AUD OECD country ID: AUS All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

Calculated by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. As of August 27, 2024, updates for this series have ceased. The series can still be calculated by adding CURRSL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CURRSL) and DEMDEPSL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/DEMDEPSL). The discontinued series plotted on the same graph with the calculated data can be accessed for comparison here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1x2wP).

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: KRW OECD country ID: KOR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises currency in circulation plus demand deposits in national currency of resident non-bank non-government sectors with the PBC and banking institutions. Currency in circulation refers to notes and coins by the PBC less the amount held by banking institutions. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: INR OECD country ID: IND All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: USA MEASURE: MANM UNIT_MEASURE: GR ACTIVITY: _Z ADJUSTMENT: Y TRANSFORMATION: G1 FREQ: M All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).

OECD descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: STSA OECD country ID: MEX All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database),http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission.

WCURRNS (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WCURRNS), and the seasonally adjusted monthly series is CURRSL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CURRSL). Starting on February 23, 2021, the H.6 statistical release is now published at a monthly frequency and contains only monthly average data needed to construct the monetary aggregates. Weekly average, non-seasonally adjusted data will continue to be made available, while weekly average, seasonally adjusted data will no longer be provided. For further information about the changes to the H.6 statistical release, see the announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h6.html) provided by the source. The currency component of M1, sometimes called "money stock currency," is defined as currency in circulation outside the U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, and the vaults of depository institutions. Data on total currency in circulation are obtained weekly from balance sheets of the Federal Reserve Banks and from the U.S. Treasury. Weekly currency in circulation data are published each week on the Federal Reserve Board's H.4.1 statistical release "Factors Affecting Reserve Balances of Depository Institutions and Condition Statement of Federal Reserve Banks." Vault cash is reported on the FR 2900 and subtracted from total currency in circulation. For institutions that do not file the FR 2900, vault cash is estimated using data reported on the Call Reports. For questions on the data, please contact the data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h6/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).</p>

Notes regarding this series can be found in International Financial Statistics Yearbooks produced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). We have requested these publications from the IMF. Notes on this series will populate once they become available. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

This series was discontinued on July 14, 2003. For information on the construction of this series, please refer to http://research.stlouisfed.org/aggreg/newbase.html. For information on the reconstructed series (MULT), available starting on July 14, 2003, please refer to http://research.stlouisfed.org/aggreg/RAMReconstruction.pdf.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: PC OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: CNY OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises currency outside the banking system, demand deposits with the banking system, and other deposits with the RBI. Currency outside the banking system comprises currency notes issued by the RBI and coins issued by the Government of India less currency notes and coins holdings of the RBI and the banking system. Demand deposits comprises all liabilities, which are payable on demand and include transferable deposits, transferable liabilities portion of savings deposits, margin held against letter of credit, balances in overdue fixed deposits, cash certificates, cumulative and recurring deposits, outstanding telegraph transfers (TTs), mail transfers (MTs), demand drafts (DDs), unclaimed deposits, credit balances in the cash credit account, and deposits held as security for advances that are payable on demand. Other deposits comprises deposits of quasi government and other financial institutions including primary dealers, foreign central banks and governments, international agencies, Provident Fund, gratuity and guarantee funds of the RBI staff, and profits of the RBI held temporarily under the deposits pending transfer to the central government. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

M1 refers to currency in circulation and demand and transferable savings deposits in national currency of nonbank financial institutions, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises and the private sector with banking institutions. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: NOK OECD country ID: NOR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: ILS OECD country ID: ISR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: BRL OECD country ID: BRA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises currency in circulation outside the banking system and transferable deposits in national and foreign currency. Currency in circulation outside the banking system refers to notes and coins issued by the CBRA less the amount held by banking institutions, including the CBRA. Transferable deposits refer to current account deposits of state and local governments, public nonfinancial corporations, private sector, and residents abroad with banking institutions. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

The MSI measure the flow of monetary services received each period by households and firms from their holdings of monetary assets (levels of the indexes are sometimes referred to as Divisia monetary aggregates).

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: CHF OECD country ID: CHE All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: KRW OECD country ID: KOR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: SEK OECD country ID: SWE All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises (1) currency outside the U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, and the vaults of other depository corporations; (2) traveler's checks of nonbank issuers; (3) demand deposits at commercial banks (excluding those amounts held by other depository corporations, the U.S. government, and foreign banks and official institutions) less cash items in the process of collection and Federal Reserve float; and (4) other checkable deposits (OCDs), consisting of negotiable order of withdrawal (NOW) and automatic transfer service (ATS) accounts at depository institutions, credit union share draft accounts, and demand deposits at thrift institutions. Seasonally adjusted M1 is constructed by summing currency, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and OCDs, each seasonally adjusted separately. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: MXN OECD country ID: MEX All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

M1 comprises notes and coins in circulation outside banking corporations and demand and savings deposits of households, nonfinancial corporations, local governments, securities companies, Tanshi companies, and some other financial corporations such as securities finance companies with banking corporations in national currency. The banking corporations surveyed comprise the BOJ, domestically licensed banks (excluding Japan Post Bank), foreign-owned banks in Japan, Shinkin Central Bank, Shinkin banks, Norinchukin Bank, and Shoko Chukin Bank. Beginning in April 2003, M1 comprises notes and coins in circulation outside depository corporations and demand and savings deposits of households, nonfinancial corporations, local governments, and some other financial corporations such as securities finance companies with depository corporations in national currency. The depository corporations surveyed comprise the above-mentioned "banking corporations", Japan Post Bank, Shinkumi Federation Bank, Shinkumi banks, Rokinren Bank, labor banks, Prefectural Credit Federations of Agricultural Cooperatives, agricultural cooperatives, Prefectural Credit Federations of Fishery Cooperatives, and fishery coops. Copyright © 2016, International Monetary Fund. Reprinted with permission. Complete terms of use and contact details are available at http://www.imf.org/external/terms.htm.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: IDX OECD country ID: USA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: CNY OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: IDX OECD country ID: HUN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD descriptor ID: MANMM103 OECD unit ID: STSA OECD country ID: CHE All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database),http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission.

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: PC OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: EUR OECD country ID: EA19 All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: GBP OECD country ID: GBR All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: USD OECD country ID: USA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: JPY OECD country ID: JPN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

OECD Descriptor ID: MANMM101 OECD unit ID: MXN OECD country ID: MEX All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission