Federal Reserve Economic Data

View economic output, reported as the nominal value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

View the annual rate of economic output, or the inflation-adjusted value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

View the ratio of federal debt to the economic output of the U.S., which can indicate economic health and the sustainability of government borrowing.

View the number of nonfarm employees in the U.S., who account for approximately 80 percent of the workers who contribute to GDP.

BEA Account Code: A939RX For more information about this series, please visit the Bureau of Economic Analysis (http://www.bea.gov/national/).

BEA Account Code: A091RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

Real potential GDP is the CBO’s estimate of the output the economy would produce with a high rate of use of its capital and labor resources. The data is adjusted to remove the effects of inflation.

Federal Surplus or Deficit [-] as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYFSGDA188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFSGDA188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in October 2012. It is calculated using Federal Surplus or Deficit [-] (FYFSD) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFSD) and Gross Domestic Product (GDPA) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPA): FYFSGDA188S = ((FYFSD/1000)/GDPA)*100 FYFSD/1000 transforms FYFSD from millions of dollars to billions of dollars.

View the annual rate of economic output, or the inflation-adjusted value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

BEA Account Code: A191RD The number of decimal places reported varies over time. A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf) (NIPA).

GDPNow is a nowcasting model for gross domestic product (GDP) growth that synthesizes the bridge equation approach relating GDP subcomponents to monthly source data with factor model and Bayesian vector autoregression approaches. The GDPNow model forecasts GDP growth by aggregating 13 subcomponents that make up GDP with the chain-weighting methodology used by the US Bureau of Economic Analysis. The Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta's GDPNow release complements the quarterly GDP release from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). The Atlanta Fed recalculates and updates their GDPNow forecasts (called "nowcasts") throughout the quarter as new data are released, up until the BEA releases its "advance estimate" of GDP for that quarter. The St. Louis Fed constructs a quarterly time series for this dataset, in which both historical and current observations values are combined. In general, the most-current observation is revised multiple times throughout the quarter. The final forecasted value (before the BEA's release of the advance estimate of GDP) is the static, historical value for that quarter. For futher information visit the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (https://www.frbatlanta.org/cqer/research/gdpnow.aspx?panel=1).

BEA Account Code: A055RC

View the ratio of debt incurred by resident households of the U.S. economy as a percentage of economic output.

BEA Account Code: W006RC Visit the BEA (http://www.bea.gov/national/) for more information about this series.

BEA Account Code: DPCCRV For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

The series assigns dates to U.S. recessions based on a mathematical model of the way that recessions differ from expansions. Whereas the NBER business cycle dates are based on a subjective assessment of a variety of indicators, the dates here are entirely mechanical and are calculated solely from historically reported GDP data. Whenever the GDP-based recession indicator index rises above 67%, the economy is determined to be in a recession. The date that the recession is determined to have begun is the first quarter prior to that date for which the inference from the mathematical model using all data available at that date would have been above 50%. The next time the GDP-based recession indicator index falls below 33%, the recession is determined to be over, and the last quarter of the recession is the first quarter for which the inference from the mathematical model using all available data at that date would have been below 50%. For more information about this series visit http://econbrowser.com/recession-index.

BEA Account Code: W013RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

BEA Account Code: A261RC Gross domestic income is an alternative way of measuring the nation's economy, by counting the incomes earned and costs incurred in production. In theory, GDI should equal gross domestic product, but the different source data yield different results. The difference between the two measures is known as the "statistical discrepancy." BEA considers GDP more reliable because it's based on timelier, more expansive data.

Gross Federal Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (GFDGDPA188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GFDGDPA188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in January 2013. It is calculated using Gross Federal Debt (FYGFD) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYGFD) and Gross Domestic Product (GDPA) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPA): GFDGDPA188S = (FYGFD/GDPA)*100

BEA Account Code: A006RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf) (NIPA)

Federal Net Outlays as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYONGDA188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYONGDA188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in January 2013. It is calculated using Federal Net Outlays (FYONET) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYONET) and Gross Domestic Product (GDPA) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPA): FYONGDA188S = ((FYONET/1000)/GDPA)*100 FYONET/1000 transforms FYONET from millions of dollars to billions of dollars.

Copyright, 2016, Cabinet Office of Japan.

View economic output, reported as the nominal value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

BEA Account Code: A001RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

BEA Account Code: DPCERX A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

BEA Account Code: A006RX A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

Federal Outlays: Interest as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYOIGDA188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYOIGDA188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in January 2013. It is calculated using Federal Outlays: Interest (FYOINT) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYOINT) and Gross Domestic Product (GDPA) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPA): FYOIGDA188S = ((FYOINT/1000)/GDPA)*100 FYOINT/1000 transforms FYOINT from millions of dollars to billions of dollars.

Gross domestic income is an alternative way of measuring the nation's economy, by counting the incomes earned and costs incurred in production. In theory, GDI should equal gross domestic product, but the different source data yield different results. The difference between the two measures is known as the "statistical discrepancy." BEA considers GDP more reliable because it's based on timelier, more expansive data. BEA Account Code: A261RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

Federal Receipts as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYFRGDA188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFRGDA188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in January 2013. It is calculated using Federal Receipts (FYFR) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFR) and Gross Domestic Product (GDPA) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPA): FYFRGDA188S = ((FYFR/1000)/GDPA)*100 FYFR/1000 transforms FYFR from millions of dollars to billions of dollars.

Eurostat unit ID: CLV10_MNAC Eurostat item ID: B1GQ Eurostat country ID: DE Copyright, European Union, http://ec.europa.eu, 1995-2016. Complete terms of use are available at https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm (https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm).

Total value of all listed shares in a stock market as a percentage of GDP. Value of listed shares to GDP, calculated using the following deflation method: {(0.5)*[Ft/P_et + Ft-1/P_et-1]}/[GDPt/P_at] where F is stock market capitalization, P_e is end-of period CPI, and P_a is average annual CPI. End-of period CPI (IFS line 64M..ZF or, if not available, 64Q..ZF) and annual CPI (IFS line 64..ZF) are from the IMF's International Financial Statistics. Standard & Poor's, Global Stock Markets Factbook and supplemental S&P data) Source Code: GFDD.DM.01

GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Source Code: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD

View data of PCE, an index that measures monthly changes in the price of consumer goods and services as a means of analyzing inflation.

BEA Account Code: A071RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

This index measures the probability that the U.S. economy was in a recession during the indicated quarter. It is based on a mathematical description of the way that recessions differ from expansions. The index corresponds to the probability (measured in percent) that the underlying true economic regime is one of recession based on the available data. Whereas the NBER business cycle dates are based on a subjective assessment of a variety of indicators that may not be released until several years after the event, this index is entirely mechanical, is based solely on currently available GDP data and is reported every quarter. Due to the possibility of data revisions and the challenges in accurately identifying the business cycle phase, the index is calculated for the quarter just preceding the most recently available GDP numbers. Once the index is calculated for that quarter, it is never subsequently revised. The value at every date was inferred using only data that were available one quarter after that date and as those data were reported at the time. If the value of the index rises above 67% that is a historically reliable indicator that the economy has entered a recession. Once this threshold has been passed, if it falls below 33% that is a reliable indicator that the recession is over. For more information about this series visit http://econbrowser.com/recession-index.

St. Louis Fed’s Economic News Index (ENI) uses economic content from key monthly economic data releases to forecast the growth of real GDP during that quarter. In general, the most-current observation is revised multiple times throughout the quarter. The final forecasted value (before the BEA’s release of the advance estimate of GDP) is the static, historical value for that quarter. For more information, see Grover, Sean P.; Kliesen, Kevin L.; and McCracken, Michael W. “A Macroeconomic News Index for Constructing Nowcasts of U.S. Real Gross Domestic Product Growth" (https://research.stlouisfed.org/publications/review/2016/12/05/a-macroeconomic-news-index-for-constructing-nowcasts-of-u-s-real-gross-domestic-product-growth/ )

BEA Account Code: DPCERE For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

BEA Account Code: A019RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

Projections of real gross domestic product growth are fourth-quarter growth rates, that is, percentage changes from the fourth quarter of the prior year to the fourth quarter of the indicated year. Each participant's projections are based on his or her assessment of appropriate monetary policy. The range for each variable in a given year includes all participants' projections, from lowest to highest, for that variable in the given year; the central tendencies exclude the three highest and three lowest projections for each year. This series represents the midpoint of the central tendency forecast's high and low values established by the Federal Open Market Committee. Digitized originals of this release can be found at https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/publication/?pid=677.

BEA Account Code: W068RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

View the annual rate of economic output, or the inflation-adjusted value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

BEA Account Code: A191RI For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

Crown Copyright, 2016. Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.1.0.

Copyright, 2016, Cabinet Office of Japan.

Source ID: labsh When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.

View economic output, reported as the nominal value of all new goods and services produced by labor and property located in the U.S.

BEA Account Code: A792RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

BEA Account Code: A053RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

Eurostat unit ID: CLV10_MNAC Eurostat item ID: B1GQ Eurostat country ID: IT Copyright, European Union, http://ec.europa.eu, 1995-2016. Complete terms of use are available at https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm (https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm).

Source ID: rgdpna When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.

Eurostat unit ID: CLV10_MNAC Eurostat item ID: B1GQ Eurostat country ID: FR Copyright, European Union, http://ec.europa.eu, 1995-2016. Complete terms of use are available at https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm (https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm).

OECD Descriptor ID: NAEXCP01 OECD unit ID: CNY OECD country ID: CHN All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

BEA Account Code: M318501 For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

Federal Debt Held by the Public as Percent of Gross Domestic Product (FYGFGDQ188S) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYGFGDQ188S) was first constructed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in October 2012. It is calculated using Federal Debt Held by the Public (FYGFDPUN) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYGFDPUN) and Gross Domestic Product, 1 Decimal (GDP) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP): FYGFGDQ188S = ((FYGFDPUN/1000)/GDP)*100 FYGFDPUN/1000 transforms FYGFDPUN from millions of dollars to billions of dollars.

BEA Account Code: A822RX A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)

BEA Account Code: A072RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.

The Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index is a GDP-weighted average of national EPU indices for 20 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, France, Germany, Greece, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States.. For additional details, including an analysis of the performance of the model, see Baker, Scott, Nicholas Bloom and Steven Davis (2016), "Measuring Economic Policy Uncertainty" (https://www.policyuncertainty.com/media/EPU_BBD_Mar2016.pdf)

Eurostat unit ID: CLV10_MNAC Eurostat item ID: B1GQ Eurostat country ID: UK Copyright, European Union, http://ec.europa.eu, 1995-2016. Complete terms of use are available at https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm (https://ec.europa.eu/geninfo/legal_notices_en.htm).