Table Data - Brave-Butters-Kelley Leading Index
Title | Brave-Butters-Kelley Leading Index |
---|---|
Series ID | BBKMLEIX |
Source | Indiana University: Indiana Business Research Center |
Release | Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes |
Seasonal Adjustment | Seasonally Adjusted |
Frequency | Monthly |
Units | Standard Deviations |
Date Range | 1960-01-01 to 2024-09-01 |
Last Updated | 2024-11-04 7:31 AM CST |
Notes | The Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes (BBKI) are the byproduct of research originally conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Currently, the BBKI are maintained and produced by the Indiana Business Research Center at the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University. The BBK Coincident and Leading Indexes and Monthly GDP Growth for the U.S. are constructed from a collapsed dynamic factor analysis of a panel of 490 monthly measures of real economic activity and quarterly real GDP growth. The BBK Leading Index is the leading subcomponent of the cycle measured in standard deviation units from trend real GDP growth. For more details, see also: Brave, Scott A., Ross Cole, and David Kelley, 2019, A 'big data' view of the U.S. economy: Introducing the Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes, Chicago Fed Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, No. 422. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/cfl-2019-422 Brave, Scott A., R. Andrew Butters, and David Kelley, 2019, A new 'big data' index of U.S. economic activity (https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2019/1), Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Vol. 43, No. 1. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/ep-2019-1 |
DATE | VALUE |
---|---|
1960-01-01 | 1.3279709225511216000 |
1960-02-01 | 1.7543714360625118000 |
1960-03-01 | 2.0260118713188410000 |
1960-04-01 | 2.1536358018612574000 |
1960-05-01 | 1.8730324057636085000 |
1960-06-01 | 1.6884043990728608000 |
1960-07-01 | 1.5673073360235152000 |
1960-08-01 | 1.3817911024704685000 |
1960-09-01 | 1.1288929298497772000 |
1960-10-01 | 1.0108104256802521000 |
1960-11-01 | 0.9133761748358945000 |
1960-12-01 | 0.7662354275276424000 |
1961-01-01 | 0.7756547255573638000 |
1961-02-01 | 0.4905844085182312000 |
1961-03-01 | 0.2664600535018157000 |
1961-04-01 | -0.0204882245238299340 |
1961-05-01 | -0.1618506986129929000 |
1961-06-01 | -0.2573647409661563000 |
1961-07-01 | -0.4451209319028716000 |
1961-08-01 | -0.3013830503707699000 |
1961-09-01 | -0.0849453970982228200 |
1961-10-01 | 0.2906291788731139000 |
1961-11-01 | 0.4636256527853795400 |
1961-12-01 | 0.5503361976568759000 |
1962-01-01 | 0.6618405365998558000 |
1962-02-01 | 0.7456311161367912000 |
1962-03-01 | 0.8750778319146370000 |
1962-04-01 | 1.0005257048824268000 |
1962-05-01 | 0.9644970682807236000 |
1962-06-01 | 0.8675288633377414000 |
1962-07-01 | 0.8102796099685468000 |
1962-08-01 | 0.6927010028970467000 |
1962-09-01 | 0.5658343422502838000 |
1962-10-01 | 0.5384261867821033000 |
1962-11-01 | 0.5612601691332921000 |
1962-12-01 | 0.4260969691485882400 |
1963-01-01 | 0.3099098264999334000 |
1963-02-01 | 0.2508017377313599400 |
1963-03-01 | 0.3689980057865882600 |
1963-04-01 | 0.5082962054921121000 |
1963-05-01 | 0.6175290260228647000 |
1963-06-01 | 0.6958243712499453000 |
1963-07-01 | 0.8039750213685192000 |
1963-08-01 | 0.8443736638917654000 |
1963-09-01 | 0.9345059794117103000 |
1963-10-01 | 0.9064083182882214000 |
1963-11-01 | 0.8970713569424414000 |
1963-12-01 | 0.9942942531178915000 |
1964-01-01 | 1.0764508621188587000 |
1964-02-01 | 1.2017753557098216000 |
1964-03-01 | 1.1332590178382710000 |
1964-04-01 | 1.1146386573261073000 |
1964-05-01 | 1.0608647388300332000 |
1964-06-01 | 0.9848687712531937000 |
1964-07-01 | 0.9293552277422407000 |
1964-08-01 | 0.8765414125866220000 |
1964-09-01 | 0.7557953812026426000 |
1964-10-01 | 0.6770670616533162000 |
1964-11-01 | 0.7079986180591913000 |
1964-12-01 | 0.9658970105370528000 |
1965-01-01 | 1.1363113961927065000 |
1965-02-01 | 1.4376038478475512000 |
1965-03-01 | 1.6304353580672546000 |
1965-04-01 | 1.7233711548684705000 |
1965-05-01 | 1.9737995332301466000 |
1965-06-01 | 2.0336292836106615000 |
1965-07-01 | 2.2520303546820720000 |
1965-08-01 | 2.3931147772008794000 |
1965-09-01 | 2.3872933321457133000 |
1965-10-01 | 2.2179464855717073000 |
1965-11-01 | 1.8500889536724638000 |
1965-12-01 | 1.5477686731531377000 |
1966-01-01 | 1.2521571041760613000 |
1966-02-01 | 1.0828023263459880000 |
1966-03-01 | 1.0956017329993317000 |
1966-04-01 | 1.0795602061781204000 |
1966-05-01 | 1.1435100820229736000 |
1966-06-01 | 1.3018921263521086000 |
1966-07-01 | 1.4139843138392911000 |
1966-08-01 | 1.4832701820984955000 |
1966-09-01 | 1.7132423979803630000 |
1966-10-01 | 2.0218467017664685000 |
1966-11-01 | 2.3886913003000580000 |
1966-12-01 | 2.4973555905985870000 |
1967-01-01 | 2.6436636103298654000 |
1967-02-01 | 2.3874500471516455000 |
1967-03-01 | 2.2722354271099756000 |
1967-04-01 | 2.1652781477123644000 |
1967-05-01 | 1.9338489316379224000 |
1967-06-01 | 1.6750679448445516000 |
1967-07-01 | 1.5030886854533132000 |
1967-08-01 | 1.3224671442106717000 |
1967-09-01 | 1.1874405451534171000 |
1967-10-01 | 1.0663072460769334000 |
1967-11-01 | 1.1455073894765089000 |
1967-12-01 | 1.3405400554366707000 |
1968-01-01 | 1.5825906707143953000 |
1968-02-01 | 1.7970654567904500000 |
1968-03-01 | 1.7906513038484968000 |
1968-04-01 | 1.6642459598073730000 |
1968-05-01 | 1.5880774315255628000 |
1968-06-01 | 1.3986266046075198000 |
1968-07-01 | 1.2175313275782930000 |
1968-08-01 | 1.0781747931581733000 |
1968-09-01 | 0.8107892784685669000 |
1968-10-01 | 0.6372151904363660000 |
1968-11-01 | 0.6831812511176160000 |
1968-12-01 | 0.7100368600621539000 |
1969-01-01 | 0.8024856667086688000 |
1969-02-01 | 0.6668741691169601000 |
1969-03-01 | 0.5079267949441172000 |
1969-04-01 | 0.4114803352827018400 |
1969-05-01 | 0.3635992721692784000 |
1969-06-01 | 0.2526215660555168000 |
1969-07-01 | 0.1651507602458521800 |
1969-08-01 | 0.1852262373626569000 |
1969-09-01 | 0.1416489532708386800 |
1969-10-01 | 0.1630682056715731200 |
1969-11-01 | 0.2834929062739353000 |
1969-12-01 | 0.3857936118052935300 |
1970-01-01 | 0.4196740555025073600 |
1970-02-01 | 0.6041082173213533000 |
1970-03-01 | 0.6789859476712128000 |
1970-04-01 | 0.7066225713331740000 |
1970-05-01 | 0.6894934226717061000 |
1970-06-01 | 0.7823684886352141000 |
1970-07-01 | 0.9007314045426756000 |
1970-08-01 | 0.8574752115808288000 |
1970-09-01 | 0.6891944857416230000 |
1970-10-01 | 0.5162155609055995000 |
1970-11-01 | 0.4802679814724135600 |
1970-12-01 | 0.5552675828320173000 |
1971-01-01 | 0.6065828166313434000 |
1971-02-01 | 0.4831425640806444300 |
1971-03-01 | 0.4311502397578045300 |
1971-04-01 | 0.3244617859500326000 |
1971-05-01 | 0.1401104133895924000 |
1971-06-01 | -0.0069964729178786590 |
1971-07-01 | -0.0583421998961188100 |
1971-08-01 | -0.1222031725578143000 |
1971-09-01 | -0.2049576812108524500 |
1971-10-01 | -0.2391216511627915800 |
1971-11-01 | -0.0707628980611311500 |
1971-12-01 | 0.2613113566775829300 |
1972-01-01 | 0.4644164164347582300 |
1972-02-01 | 0.4888866689522017000 |
1972-03-01 | 0.5239294677603678000 |
1972-04-01 | 0.4129260773188087000 |
1972-05-01 | 0.2938860660494217500 |
1972-06-01 | 0.1929509781979197300 |
1972-07-01 | 0.0175509423881614130 |
1972-08-01 | -0.0983640674578593300 |
1972-09-01 | -0.2075677730189641700 |
1972-10-01 | -0.2481485542672739200 |
1972-11-01 | -0.4619603323634390300 |
1972-12-01 | -0.4769464467905606400 |
1973-01-01 | -0.5165966507707914000 |
1973-02-01 | -0.6415822459524926000 |
1973-03-01 | -0.8274417908112028000 |
1973-04-01 | -1.0398131116781122000 |
1973-05-01 | -1.1354573860662915000 |
1973-06-01 | -1.3469140403363264000 |
1973-07-01 | -1.6185006701440607000 |
1973-08-01 | -1.9774916832319402000 |
1973-09-01 | -2.0280865571997264000 |
1973-10-01 | -2.2118893919498825000 |
1973-11-01 | -2.1679243281323295000 |
1973-12-01 | -2.1904981506675845000 |
1974-01-01 | -1.9667686225161585000 |
1974-02-01 | -1.6188070749252792000 |
1974-03-01 | -1.2623569805829964000 |
1974-04-01 | -0.9111842423488561000 |
1974-05-01 | -0.5583374096809312000 |
1974-06-01 | -0.3322940094666217000 |
1974-07-01 | -0.0966298889597308500 |
1974-08-01 | 0.2017491458748752200 |
1974-09-01 | 0.5710192068283321000 |
1974-10-01 | 1.0357296111696639000 |
1974-11-01 | 1.3212273544323248000 |
1974-12-01 | 1.6713672796515304000 |
1975-01-01 | 1.6102630270103720000 |
1975-02-01 | 1.4350107857166028000 |
1975-03-01 | 1.2502031009990358000 |
1975-04-01 | 0.8991717367044089000 |
1975-05-01 | 0.5661235183631278000 |
1975-06-01 | 0.0417765730129839800 |
1975-07-01 | -0.2158185130864447300 |
1975-08-01 | -0.2966524367957383000 |
1975-09-01 | -0.4145605489583381600 |
1975-10-01 | -0.3943040179979752000 |
1975-11-01 | -0.4236353689103861700 |
1975-12-01 | -0.4089789203599341600 |
1976-01-01 | -0.2696909491965930000 |
1976-02-01 | -0.2632572440192672600 |
1976-03-01 | -0.3076842793832224600 |
1976-04-01 | -0.2721597679532693000 |
1976-05-01 | -0.3084322536983815600 |
1976-06-01 | -0.3390339811237630400 |
1976-07-01 | -0.2609129333670982500 |
1976-08-01 | -0.2236175201088904400 |
1976-09-01 | -0.1578084922372293100 |
1976-10-01 | -0.2634243798055310000 |
1976-11-01 | -0.2930438713354613400 |
1976-12-01 | -0.3931247302993096700 |
1977-01-01 | -0.5210242854855907000 |
1977-02-01 | -0.3384130429706293000 |
1977-03-01 | -0.1848315819785882000 |
1977-04-01 | 0.0648909199464491300 |
1977-05-01 | 0.2586925017730629700 |
1977-06-01 | 0.3341975705704473600 |
1977-07-01 | 0.4131470620695244500 |
1977-08-01 | 0.3625351049417901400 |
1977-09-01 | 0.3392047483321170600 |
1977-10-01 | 0.2593870411581300000 |
1977-11-01 | 0.2475678202490810300 |
1977-12-01 | 0.3426404442006742000 |
1978-01-01 | 0.4934443525723271000 |
1978-02-01 | 0.7685709324839517000 |
1978-03-01 | 1.0214572906944368000 |
1978-04-01 | 0.9735380564314587000 |
1978-05-01 | 0.7370243399176668000 |
1978-06-01 | 0.5582318549686066000 |
1978-07-01 | 0.2420087945713964000 |
1978-08-01 | -0.0024933547013066527 |
1978-09-01 | -0.1898738646369134000 |
1978-10-01 | -0.3996121641698034400 |
1978-11-01 | -0.6292545706270646000 |
1978-12-01 | -0.8656635098625816000 |
1979-01-01 | -1.1687665138784870000 |
1979-02-01 | -1.2681785474533258000 |
1979-03-01 | -1.4359100685953976000 |
1979-04-01 | -1.6121568036507368000 |
1979-05-01 | -1.4552189192728730000 |
1979-06-01 | -1.3257793536778286000 |
1979-07-01 | -1.2285822545446403000 |
1979-08-01 | -1.1530537415487532000 |
1979-09-01 | -1.2371556057996886000 |
1979-10-01 | -1.4023979460486338000 |
1979-11-01 | -1.4832674294383608000 |
1979-12-01 | -1.5084853155273990000 |
1980-01-01 | -1.4504550773376401000 |
1980-02-01 | -1.3569192299126616000 |
1980-03-01 | -1.2164915909046140000 |
1980-04-01 | -1.0822144404677176000 |
1980-05-01 | -0.8630597461599087000 |
1980-06-01 | -0.6271134189315887000 |
1980-07-01 | -0.6246249344725235000 |
1980-08-01 | -0.8533679819461436000 |
1980-09-01 | -0.9948138850754931000 |
1980-10-01 | -0.9915279529770812000 |
1980-11-01 | -0.8322912938680826000 |
1980-12-01 | -0.6458875798080106000 |
1981-01-01 | -0.5051554839135275000 |
1981-02-01 | -0.4943104446907083000 |
1981-03-01 | -0.3822467086074276500 |
1981-04-01 | -0.4291713627127712000 |
1981-05-01 | -0.3724672632073499000 |
1981-06-01 | -0.3035995681912551600 |
1981-07-01 | -0.1756060890375436300 |
1981-08-01 | -0.0914143080512287400 |
1981-09-01 | -0.0945218395290623000 |
1981-10-01 | 0.0622512076391834700 |
1981-11-01 | 0.1438073644500626700 |
1981-12-01 | 0.0446810905328029060 |
1982-01-01 | -0.0937814526932442400 |
1982-02-01 | -0.0387606124863681000 |
1982-03-01 | -0.1551937866933476000 |
1982-04-01 | -0.2045107758058335400 |
1982-05-01 | -0.2260435063881480200 |
1982-06-01 | -0.1582030714123832700 |
1982-07-01 | 0.1337620442018529800 |
1982-08-01 | 0.2456991609769240000 |
1982-09-01 | 0.3853204066814347500 |
1982-10-01 | 0.3767264441644311300 |
1982-11-01 | 0.3185185322242173300 |
1982-12-01 | 0.1489220791115486000 |
1983-01-01 | -0.0281820397347045670 |
1983-02-01 | -0.2454362397650599600 |
1983-03-01 | -0.1772812813736511500 |
1983-04-01 | -0.2014796648874430000 |
1983-05-01 | -0.2388945291634124200 |
1983-06-01 | -0.2217154876474658200 |
1983-07-01 | -0.0933565258496885700 |
1983-08-01 | -0.0415494221125023850 |
1983-09-01 | 0.1317662726467044300 |
1983-10-01 | 0.1802254386290468600 |
1983-11-01 | 0.2802788490248587000 |
1983-12-01 | 0.5138354114373305000 |
1984-01-01 | 0.7951440164127260000 |
1984-02-01 | 0.9869973906241756000 |
1984-03-01 | 1.1855272646521962000 |
1984-04-01 | 1.4032579366314140000 |
1984-05-01 | 1.4060167796073013000 |
1984-06-01 | 1.3601541171018858000 |
1984-07-01 | 1.2736216906646678000 |
1984-08-01 | 1.2708721794506885000 |
1984-09-01 | 1.2515438499881260000 |
1984-10-01 | 1.0850297532650980000 |
1984-11-01 | 1.1442739935681046000 |
1984-12-01 | 1.0541150208915610000 |
1985-01-01 | 1.0028575147575538000 |
1985-02-01 | 0.9494052616916476000 |
1985-03-01 | 0.8321207240799489000 |
1985-04-01 | 0.8783341643045462000 |
1985-05-01 | 0.9840853340829526000 |
1985-06-01 | 1.0721671569284326000 |
1985-07-01 | 0.9153070013340847000 |
1985-08-01 | 0.7880768950040137000 |
1985-09-01 | 0.6803764961884512000 |
1985-10-01 | 0.4480023933198404300 |
1985-11-01 | 0.3753743288198317400 |
1985-12-01 | 0.4381744595215627000 |
1986-01-01 | 0.2328427445285117200 |
1986-02-01 | 0.1951025448706124000 |
1986-03-01 | 0.1584160499904915800 |
1986-04-01 | -0.0830858611867009600 |
1986-05-01 | -0.3157630096745661000 |
1986-06-01 | -0.5590107788022980000 |
1986-07-01 | -0.6567572417982018000 |
1986-08-01 | -0.8043138732620758000 |
1986-09-01 | -0.8794295926991000000 |
1986-10-01 | -0.9244610833981785000 |
1986-11-01 | -0.9675788656079962000 |
1986-12-01 | -1.0573906995037440000 |
1987-01-01 | -1.2822582449644655000 |
1987-02-01 | -1.1589976003977365000 |
1987-03-01 | -1.1234307392630270000 |
1987-04-01 | -1.0424022191325986000 |
1987-05-01 | -0.9289655044592584000 |
1987-06-01 | -0.9575996485117929000 |
1987-07-01 | -0.8577258138674312000 |
1987-08-01 | -0.7167509653945525000 |
1987-09-01 | -0.7352843739377459000 |
1987-10-01 | -0.5690818371303287000 |
1987-11-01 | -0.4773747989732508600 |
1987-12-01 | -0.4336669500954842000 |
1988-01-01 | -0.3692695603261154600 |
1988-02-01 | -0.3147416870753580000 |
1988-03-01 | -0.3427098361398866000 |
1988-04-01 | -0.3047931631980001500 |
1988-05-01 | -0.2695975551974360000 |
1988-06-01 | -0.2486836034775859700 |
1988-07-01 | -0.1838326697386262800 |
1988-08-01 | -0.1164486229361680900 |
1988-09-01 | -0.1146206066879527000 |
1988-10-01 | 0.0315359508251631900 |
1988-11-01 | 0.0091112386793347100 |
1988-12-01 | 0.0836992159368772500 |
1989-01-01 | 0.1557712949703120600 |
1989-02-01 | 0.1410671862660992000 |
1989-03-01 | 0.1503178716842722000 |
1989-04-01 | 0.2003365450085222400 |
1989-05-01 | 0.2674796090507167700 |
1989-06-01 | 0.4315781892073216000 |
1989-07-01 | 0.3981910990432241000 |
1989-08-01 | 0.2110619507918181600 |
1989-09-01 | 0.0399548197008593040 |
1989-10-01 | -0.2162152558813936000 |
1989-11-01 | -0.4462413788554417000 |
1989-12-01 | -0.6131923220818459000 |
1990-01-01 | -0.7975495810803381000 |
1990-02-01 | -1.1216423423639281000 |
1990-03-01 | -1.1600120911411198000 |
1990-04-01 | -1.2918307202571286000 |
1990-05-01 | -1.3920631548109825000 |
1990-06-01 | -1.5798009655969587000 |
1990-07-01 | -1.7685191268096132000 |
1990-08-01 | -1.9453564085153260000 |
1990-09-01 | -1.8561223763512620000 |
1990-10-01 | -1.7619490250246068000 |
1990-11-01 | -1.4863355107866107000 |
1990-12-01 | -1.3133405425066844000 |
1991-01-01 | -1.1746409846570987000 |
1991-02-01 | -0.9397293058759187000 |
1991-03-01 | -0.9869232676071266000 |
1991-04-01 | -1.2363540087770675000 |
1991-05-01 | -1.4110659246773887000 |
1991-06-01 | -1.5104327256027363000 |
1991-07-01 | -1.5953396737537215000 |
1991-08-01 | -1.5910019347724873000 |
1991-09-01 | -1.4644194883592425000 |
1991-10-01 | -1.3234715960471992000 |
1991-11-01 | -1.1087333224293023000 |
1991-12-01 | -0.9111416422254563000 |
1992-01-01 | -0.8397716045654790000 |
1992-02-01 | -0.9263696380744812000 |
1992-03-01 | -0.9665019361498448000 |
1992-04-01 | -0.9218274252012602000 |
1992-05-01 | -0.9642159228564474000 |
1992-06-01 | -1.0594001345248370000 |
1992-07-01 | -1.0125311065911757000 |
1992-08-01 | -0.9179495512880618000 |
1992-09-01 | -0.9519447749178965000 |
1992-10-01 | -1.0105882651200189000 |
1992-11-01 | -1.0792712561992737000 |
1992-12-01 | -1.1153068035719564000 |
1993-01-01 | -1.3633226109867470000 |
1993-02-01 | -1.2988873000329437000 |
1993-03-01 | -1.1612887990186240000 |
1993-04-01 | -0.9633814489766923000 |
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